In the Arabic dictionary politics is called the art of government and planning and administration. In the terminology of Westerners politics is the name of the art of government. No matter what the method is while in the eyes of Islam politics is a constitutional, legal and comprehensive word, which has several elements. When all these elements are present, it is Islamic politics, otherwise it is just politics not Islamic politics.
The relationship between Islam and politics
When Allah Almighty”sent Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) into the world, He not only sent him as His first prophet in truth, but also as an organized ruler. Therefore, the interpretation of I will create a caliph on earth includes both the office of prophet hood and the office of politics.
Among the Prophets of Israel
There are clear texts in the Holy Quran about Prophet Joseph (peace be upon him), Prophet David (peace be upon him), Prophet Solomon (peace be upon him), Prophet Moses (peace be upon him), and Prophet Joshua (peace be upon him) that while they were prophet and messenger they were also rulers and administrators for their respective nations.
In the Holy Quran, the 4 highest positions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) have been mentioned more than 3 times.
- Recitation of the Quran
- Teaching the Book (Biography and Sunnah)
- Purification of the soul (Sufi, conduct and kindness)
- Teaching wisdom teaching wisdom here means understanding, insight and insight in politics and administrative matters.
Thus we see that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was the embodiment of knowledge and action truth and honesty and prophet hood and mission, as well as a He was an exemplary, perfect and exemplary politician and an excellent administrator and ruler.
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The beginning of the political life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH)
He (PBUH) had already introduced politics into his life in Mecca before the migration.
The first link in this series is the migration to Abyssinia to which Islam reached Africa and Asia.
The second link is the Bay’at of Aqaba (this declaration taken from the Muslims) Listening and obeying will remain our way in all circumstances which proved to be the first brick of a great and exemplary empire.
On this occasion, due to the demand of those who converted to Islam, He (PBUH) sent Hazrat Mus’ab bin Umair (RA) as his political ambassador to Yathrib. When his efforts were fruitful, He (PBUH) started regular politics as soon as he migrated after the “Bay’at of Aqaba.
The prominent aspects of the politics of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)
By the way, the holy life of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) is full of achievements step by step, which are beyond the scope of human reason. Here, we will only mention a few prominent aspects of the political life of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and their fruits.
Internal stability
After the migration to Medina, instead of taking revenge for the harassment of the infidels of Mecca, the Prophet (peace be upon him) preferred to strengthen the defense system of the Muslims, acting with high wisdom and prudence. He established a federal city-state in Medina and unified the Muslims. He compiled a constitution consisting of 50 articles each to establish brotherhood between the Muhajirin and the Ansar and to make a political agreement with the Jews.
Foreign Policy
The masterpiece of the foreign policy of the beloved Prophet Muhammad Mustafa (peace be upon him) is the Treaty of Hudaibiyah-In 6 AH Madinah Munawwarah was in the north and south between the people of Mecca and the people of Khaybar-Both of them had united against the Muslims-Attacking both of them at the same time was tantamount to putting one’s life at risk-To suppress one of them, it was inevitable to make peace with the other party.
The people of Khaybar were more loyal to the agreement than the people of Mecca-You (peace be upon you) preferred the infidels of Mecca and accepted their conditions at the place of Hudaibiyah which were apparently not in favor of the Muslims-This is the bright chapter of the foreign policy of the Prophet (peace be upon him) which was revealed by Chasm The sky turned into a clear victory.
The number of participants in the Hudaybiyah Treaty was only 1,500. This was the result of 18 or 19 years of hard work. Look at the blessings of this peace. Immediately after this, Khaybar was conquered, and only two years later, on the occasion of the conquest of Mecca, 10,000 companions (may Allah be pleased with them all) were with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). (Subhan Allah)
After the conquest of Mecca, people entered Islam in droves. When my beloved Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) passed away five years later in the year 10 AH, there were 140,000 companions (may Allah be pleased with them all) on the face of the earth.
Behind this successful method of action of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is the following message: 1- Many at once Fronts should be avoided –
2 – The hand of friendship should be extended towards that enemy from which the anxiety of losses less and the hope of gain is more .
Enemy’s espionage and economic exploitation
After finishing internal stability, Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) devised a plan to avoid the machinations of the infidels of Mecca as follows: You (peace be upon you) started political agreements with the tribes of Banu Damrah, Juhayna, Banu Ghaffar, Mazaniyah, and Ashjah etc. located on the southwestern coast of Madinah which were the passage of the trade caravans of Quraysh, so that the economic exploitation of Quraysh could be done and their movements could be kept in check. This political action of my beloved Prophet (peace be upon him) taught the world that successful foreign policy is dependent on internal stability.
General amnesty
On the occasion of the Conquest of Mecca when the polytheists of Mecca were afraid due to their excesses that they might no longer be with us. What should be the treatment? In such a situation, the historic words of My Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)La tathrib alaikum al-youm (There is no blame on you today) are such a manifestation of political acumen that people enter the religion of Allah in droves (people start entering the religion of Allah in droves) and it is the result of this that Makkah al-Mukarramah is under the control of Muslims until the end of writing and will remain so, God willing, until the Day of Judgment .
The beginning of the diplomatic campaign
As soon as Khaybar and Makkah al-Mukarramah were under the control of you (peace and blessings of Allah be upon you) he started a diplomatic campaign to expand the boundaries of the Islamic Kingdom and convey the message of this universal religion to the people. He sent letters to the sultans due to which the scope of the Islamic empire continued to expand.
Contacts with the people
The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) Establish relationships with different tribes by decree. It is essential for a successful ruler to stay in touch with his subjects, and there is no more effective form of communication than kinations.
Captivating the hearts of enemies
In “Surah At-Tawbah” verse number 60, the term of spending money in “Infaq fi Sabil Allah” is “and whose hearts are attracted i.e. the spending of money by a Muslim ruler on the inhabitants of a non-Muslim region or country in their distress so that they are attracted to islam.
During the year of famine before the conquest of Mecca You (PBUH) spent 500 dirhams He won the hearts of the people of Mecca by distributing the huge amount of money among the poor and needy people of Makkah.
Observance of the covenant
One of the clauses in the Treaty of Hudaybiyah was that if any resident of Mecca becomes a Muslim and comes to Madinah, he should be handed over to the people of Mecca – apparently, this condition was impossible to comply with.
Despite this, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) followed this clause and handed over Hazrat Abu Jandal (may Allah be pleased with him) to the infidels, advising him to be patient.
Autonomy of minorities
When the case of the Jewish adulterer and his wife was presented in the Islamic court the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) punished them according to the Torah taking into account the religious autonomy of the Jews.
Invitation to an agreed-upon matter
For the sake of political harmony and the pleasantness of international affairs You (PBUH) started Dawat-e-Din keeping in mind the common affairs of himself and other nations.
Courage and Bravery
Opportunity is very important for political successes The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) also behaved with compassion gentleness and good behavior in political agreements in view of opportunity. There he also maintained his fearlessness by demonstrating strictness and bravery at the time of need.
After the Battle of the Trench the Battle of Khaybar was a clear proof of this by dealing with the Jews strictly due to their religious practices and destroying the Masjid al-Dirar of the hypocrites.
The Golden Principles of Politics of Khatam al-Nabiyyin Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) are a light of guidance for humanity throughout the world. In their light thinkers of every era can determine their paths.
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